Holger Schmieding Modest Quotations

We think around 4.5 percent is the adequate level for U.S. interest rates -- you could call it a neutral level -- and as there are modest inflation risks in the U.S., we expect the Fed to go slightly beyond that to 4.75.

The evidence on U.K. consumption remains contradictory. Some data such as weak consumer confidence and the reluctance to use credit cards point to further weakness ahead. However, the modest rebound in the real estate market and anecdotal evidence of satisfactory Christmas indicate a modest strengthening in spending.