Armand Jean du Plessis, 1st Duke of Richelieu (French: [aʁmɑ̃ ʒɑ̃ dy plɛsi]; 9 September 1585 – 4 December 1642), known as Cardinal Richelieu,[a] was a French statesman and prelate of the Catholic Church. He became known as l'Éminence rouge, or "the Red E...
(wikipedia)