JoAnn Manson
JoAnn Manson
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There's mounting evidence that age and time since menopause may make a difference. These are important pieces of the puzzle.
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The perception that these hormones protect the heart was so strong that many doctors were prescribing it to prevent heart disease.
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We're not suggesting at this point that women use estrogen for the express purpose of preventing cardiovascular disease. But this does suggest that more research is needed on younger women and recently menopausal women to explore this question. There may be a window of opportunity when women will have some heart protection from estrogen.
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We have not even begun to see the consequences of the epidemic we're seeing in children and adolescents and continuing for a lifetime. This is an alarming trend. It really should serve as a wake-up call that major societal changes are needed to address this epidemic.
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If you don't eliminate the bias caused by smoking, it will artificially inflate the risk of dying among the lean and underestimate the risk of dying in the overweight,
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It would be really unfortunate if we became more complacent about obesity in blacks than in whites,
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These results do not suggest that people have carte blanche to eat fatty foods without health problems.
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It's not that being underweight causes disease, but that these chronic diseases can cause weight loss, ... It's called reverse causation.
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It's similar to having a family history for a disease. You can't alter your family history or your baldness, but there are many ways to modify your risk factors,
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It is surprising that in early adolescence there is already evidence of this change, ... The fact that that is apparent even in young adolescents is of great concern.
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It's becoming clearer and clearer that body fat distribution is a critically important variable. And abdominal obesity is the key culprit.
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The effect of cigarettes on the risk of disease is so powerful and it's so difficult to control for factors like the intensity and duration of smoking that the only way to eliminate the bias is to look at people who have never smoked,
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I think it's not very common to be truly physically fit and obese, though it is theoretically possible,
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People often lose weight as they get into their 70s and 80s, and it's often due to chronic disease, ... A third to a half of people in the older age groups have at least one chronic disease like heart disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, or cancer.